Subsections

Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD)

The Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) tool should be used to identify and annotate variants in one sample. The tool consists of a workflow that is a combination of the Identify Variants and the Annotate Variants workflows.

The tool runs an internal workflow, which starts with mapping the sequencing reads to the human reference sequence. Then it runs a local realignment to improve the variant detection, which is run afterwards. After the variants have been detected, they are annotated with gene names, amino acid changes, conservation scores, information from relevant variants present in the ClinVar database, and information from common variants present in the common dbSNP Common, HapMap, and 1000 Genomes database. Furthermore, a targeted region report is created to inspect the overall coverage and mapping specificity.

The difference between Identify and Annotate Variants (TAS-HD) and (WES-HD) is that the Autodetect paired distances has been switched off in Map Reads to Reference tool for the TAS workflows.

Run the Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) workflow

To run the Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) workflow, go to:

        Toolbox | Template Workflows | Biomedical Workflows (Image biomedical_twf_folder_open_16_n_p) | Whole Exome Sequencing (Image exome_sequencing_closed_16_n_p) | Hereditary Disease (Image hereditary_folder_closed_16_n_p) | Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) (Image identify_annotate_var_wes_16_n_p)

  1. Double-click on the Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) tool to start the analysis. If you are connected to a server, you will first be asked where you would like to run the analysis.

  2. Select the sequencing reads you want to analyze (figure 22.56).

    Image reads_IAV_WESHD
    Figure 22.56: Specify the sequencing reads.

  3. Specify the target regions. (figure 22.57).

    The targeted region file is a file that specifies which regions have been sequenced, when working with whole exome sequencing or targeted amplicon sequencing data. This file is something that you must provide yourself, as this file depends on the technology used for sequencing. You can obtain the targeted regions file from the vendor of your targeted sequencing reagents.

    Image indels_target_IAV_WESHD
    Figure 22.57: Specify the target regions.

  4. In the next dialog, you have to select which reference data set should be used in the analysis (figure 22.58).

    Image annotate_identify_variantshd_wes
    Figure 22.58: Choose the relevant reference Data Set to identify variants.

  5. Specify which 1000 Genomes population you would like to use (figure 22.59).

    Image 1000genomes_IAV_WESHD
    Figure 22.59: Select the relevant 1000 Genomes population(s).

  6. Specify the Fixed Ploidy Variant Detection settings (figure 22.60).

    The parameters used by the Fixed Ploidy Variant Detection tool can be adjusted. We have optimized the parameters to the individual analyses, but you may want to tweak some of the parameters to fit your particular sequencing data. A good starting point could be to run an analysis with the default settings.

    Image fp_settings_IAV_WESHD
    Figure 22.60: Specify the parameters for the Fixed Ploidy Variant Detection tool.

    The parameters that can be set are:

    • Required variant probability is the minimum probability value of the 'variant site' required for the variant to be called. Note that it is not the minimum value of the probability of the individual variant. For the Fixed Ploidy Variant detector, if a variant site - and not the variant itself - passes the variant probability threshold, then the variant with the highest probability at that site will be reported even if the probability of that particular variant might be less than the threshold. For example if the required variant probability is set to 0.9 then the individual probability of the variant called might be less than 0.9 as long as the probability of the entire variant site is greater than 0.9.
    • Ignore broken pairs: When ticked, reads from broken pairs are ignored. Broken pairs may arise for a number of reasons, one being erroneous mapping of the reads. In general, variants based on broken pair reads are likely to be less reliable, so ignoring them may reduce the number of spurious variants called. However, broken pairs may also arise for biological reasons (e.g. due to structural variants) and if they are ignored some true variants may go undetected. Please note that ignored broken pair reads will not be considered for any non-specific match filters.
    • Minimum coverage: Only variants in regions covered by at least this many reads are called.
    • Minimum count: Only variants that are present in at least this many reads are called.
    • Minimum frequency: Only variants that are present at least at the specified frequency (calculated as 'count'/'coverage') are called.

  7. Specify the parameters for the QC for Targeted Sequencing tool (figure 22.61).

    Image qc_target_IAV_WESHD
    Figure 22.61: Specify the parameters for the QC for Targeted Sequencing tool.

    The parameters that can be set are:

    • Minimum coverage provides the length of each target region that has at least this coverage.
    • Ignore non-specific matches: reads that are non-specifically mapped will be ignored.
    • Ignore broken pairs: reads that belong to broken pairs will be ignored.

  8. Specify the Hapmap population that should be used to add information on variants found in the Hapmap project.

  9. In the last wizard step you can check the selected settings by clicking on the button labeled Preview All Parameters. In the Preview All Parameters wizard you can only check the settings, and if you wish to make changes you have to use the Previous button from the wizard to edit parameters in the relevant windows.

  10. Choose to Save your results and click on the button labeled Finish.

Output from the Identify and Annotate Variants (WES-HD) workflow